Por Calista Martínez Zubiría
La pajarita es uno de los mayores accesorios de la actualidad. Tanto es su auge, que cada vez más personas las utilizan para todo tipo de eventos.
El accesorio posee diferentes nombres según el país o la región. Los más populares son: pajarita, corbatín, corbata de moño, moño, papillon, humita, corbata de lazo, o bow tie (en inglés).
Es un detalle indispensable en el código de vestimenta para una ocasión especial. Sin embargo, hoy en día se ha convertido en un elemento cool, que se puede utilizar combinado con cualquier tipo de atuendo, por ejemplo, con una chaqueta de lana o un jersey.
El origen de este complemento está inspirado en el pañuelo que llevaban los sodados durante la Guerra de los treinta años en el siglo XVII. El ejército croata cerraba el cuello de sus camisas con un lazo que llamaban hrvatska.
Cuando el batallón hizo su entrada en Francia, al rey Luis XIV, le llamó tanto la atención este accesorio, que ordenó diseñar pañuelos similares para el uniforme de su ejército, denominándolo cravette.
Durante los siglos XVIII y XIX, el complemento se extendió rápidamente, entre las clases altas de Francia y el Reino unido como un símbolo de status, superando en popularidad a las tradicionales corbatas y convirtiéndose en un elemento principal en la vestimenta de los hombres.
Tanto fue el éxito entre el público masculino, que el novelista francés Honore de Balzac escribió un libro al respecto titulado “L’art de se mettre la cravate”.
La pajarita fue muy popular en el mundo del cine. Actores como Fred Astaire y Frank Sinatra la portaron con estilo y elegancia.
Los personajes de ficción como “James Bond” y Marlon Brando en “El Padrino” la inmortalizaron.
La pajarita no se limitó únicamente a ser un accesorio de hombres.
Actrices como Ava Gardner y Marlene Dietrich la impusieron en el outfit del universo femenino.
Las principales firmas de ropa destacan en sus últimas colecciones la importancia de este complemento. Hoy más que nunca se puede apreciar lo bien que luce en un smoking o en un look casual.
Diseñadores del siglo pasado, como Charvet, le aportaron nuevas características:
⇒ Cambiaron las formas de sus nudos.
⇒ Se confeccionaron en nuevos materiales.
⇒ Las medidas se normalizaron, avanzando en practicidad.
También, se crearon las pajaritas ready tie/clip y de nudo/self-tie que son las que más se utilizan en Europa.
Es muy cómodo y rápido, incluye un broche de metal que se sujeta al cuello de la camisa. Permite tener el lazo en forma prolija.
Por lo general se utilizan en trajes informales donde se requiere un look moderno.
Este moño ya viene con una forma predefinida. Suele estar asociada al smoking o a trajes más tradicionales ya que permite una mayor libertad a la hora de jugar con las líneas y la simetría de la pajarita.
Los tejidos en los que podemos encontrar confeccionadas las pajaritas, son la seda en diferentes tonos, o algodón de seda estampada, ya que se lo considera un material delicado para acompañar este complemento. Sin embargo, cuando la vestimenta es sport se utilizan de lana, algodón, tejidos de punto, e inclusive confeccionadas en madera.
Es el diseño en su forma más clásica. El nudo es de un tamaño normal y los extremos suelen ser un poco más grandes que este, pero sin llegar a destacar demasiado. Este modelo le otorga un touch de elegancia. Es el indicado para ocasiones formales.
Es una de las más grandes .Por sus proporciones no es un modelo que se suela vestir frecuentemente. Suele ir asociada a los cuellos italianos, pero también pueden llevarse con trajes más informales.
Por su forma es un modelo aconsejable para personas corpulentas, acompañadas con chaquetas de amplias solapas.
Es ideal para personas altas o con una forma de cara delgada.
Es una variación de la pajarita mariposa, pero con los extremos terminados en punta, en lugar de rectos.
Se trata de una pajarita muy estrecha y fina que popularizaron un grupo de actores, cantantes y músicos estadounidenses de los años 50-60 , a los que se lo denominaba Rat Pack. Entre ellos se encontraban Humphrey Bogart, Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin y Sammy Davis Jr. Tiene 4 centímetros de ancho. Se suele utilizar con chaquetas de solapas pequeñas. Luce muy bien en personas poco corpulentas.
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