Por Patricia Ramirez vía ABC blogs
En estos días de confinamiento, ¿no les han llegado fotos del pasado? Amigos y familia que rebuscan en sus cajas de fotos y les mandan una captura, historietas que nos contamos cuando hablamos con las personas que queremos o recuerdos de viajes y vacaciones. Estamos más nostálgicos. La nostalgia se define como un sentimiento de anhelo sobre el pasado, el pasado de los lugares vividos, de las personas con las que hemos estado o actividades o experiencias que hemos tenido.
Aceptémoslo, la nostalgia se ha puesto de moda. Morimos por todo lo “vintage” y lo “retro”. Un tocadiscos, una Nintendo, la música de los 80, cocinar recetas de nuestra infancia, ver fotos del pasado, leer cartas guardadas o abrir nuestros diarios y volver a revivir esos momentos. La nostalgia nos conecta con nosotros, con nuestro pasado, con las raíces, con los valores.
Recordar momentos felices también genera emociones muy similares. Pero ojo, nostalgia sí, melancolía no. No porque tengamos que evitar la melancolía, sino porque un poco de recuerdo es bueno, pero un empacho puede llevarnos a pensar que cualquier tiempo pasado fue mejor, hacernos sentir inseguros con nuestro presente e impedir disfrutar de lo que ahora tenemos.
Los últimos estudios sobre la nostalgia arrojan conclusiones como que las personas que se deleitan con recuerdos del pasado, son más optimistas, felices y seguras de sí mismas… pero sin abusar («Revista Mente y Cerebro»).
El sociólogo Fred Davis afirmó que la nostalgia y los recuerdos del pasado pueden ayudarnos a sentirnos más seguros y a consolidar nuestra identidad. A las personas nos gusta sentir las raíces. Nos ayudan a saber de dónde venimos, con qué nos identificamos, cuáles son nuestros valores. Los recuerdos nos conectan con ese sentimiento de pertenencia y nos dan seguridad.
El recuerdo del pasado fortalece también nuestra capacidad de resiliencia y favorece una sana autoestima. De cara a proyectos y retos del futuro, conocer y preguntarnos qué nos sirvió en el paso puede ofrecernos una imagen positiva, resolutiva y capaz de nosotros.
Nuestra identidad, nuestra autoestima dependen de la imagen que tenemos de nosotros. Esta imagen no se construye solo con lo que ocurre en el presente o con lo que nos queda por descubrir de nosotros en el futuro. El autoconcepto viene de lo que nos han proyectado «mi abuela decía que era muy inteligente», de nuestra propia experiencia «mi capacidad de análisis me ayudó a resolver aquel problema en el pasado» e incluso de nuestros éxitos y fracasos «durante el confinamiento me di cuenta de que era mucho más paciente de lo que imaginaba y me ayudó a vivirlo con éxito».
La nostalgia, tal como comprobó el psicólogo Wijnand Van Tilburg deL King`s College de Londres, nos ayuda a tener continuidad en la vida, y con ello alcanzamos también el sentido. El pasado forma parte de un hilo conductor que explica nuestra vida. El pasado no es un hecho aislado, sin más. El pasado ha impactado en nuestra forma de ser y de sentir. Y explica gran parte de por qué somos cómo somos en este presente. A las personas nos gusta tener control y una explicación sobre lo que nos sucede. Poder entender por qué somos de una manera determinada nos deja tranquilos.
La nostalgia nos protege de la soledad. Cuando viajas, cuando sufres una ruptura, cuando te encuentras solo en casa, conectar con el bienestar del pasado, con las personas que te quieren, con recuerdos que tienen la capacidad de cambiarte el estado de ánimo, es una manera de gestionar tu emoción. La soledad puede ser aterradora para muchas personas, sobre todo cuando se desplazan a trabajar a otra ciudad, a otro país, cuando se sienten desconectados de sus raíces, cuando no han generado todavía un vínculo con nuevos amigos.
La nostalgia puede ser un sentimiento que nos entristezca, pero también que nos haga disfrutar. De hecho, cuando recordamos momentos bonitos del pasado, en nuestro cerebro se activan zonas relacionadas con la memoria y la dopamina, nuestro neurotransmisor de la recompensa.
En estos días de confinamiento, disfruta de tus recuerdos. Pero no olvides saber vivir en el presente.
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